纯种与杂种猪肌肉生长相关分子表达的差异分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2016.12.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在了解纯种与杂种猪肌肉生长发育过程中存在的分子调控差异，并分析其对猪胴体和肉质的影响。选用体重50 kg左右的纯种杜洛克猪、长白猪和大白猪以及杜长大三元杂交猪为研究对象，每个重复6头猪，从表型和分子水平上对其背最长肌进行分析。结果表明，与纯种猪相比较，杂种猪背最长肌的肌纤维面积、白肌纤维比率、乳酸脱氢酶A基因表达量和线粒体DNA拷贝数显著提高（P<0.01）；虽然与纯种猪相比较，有些基因的表达量在杂种猪背最长肌中的提高或降低不显著（P>0.05），但总体上来说，促进肌纤维生长发育的相关基因IGF1、PDK1和GLUT4的表达量显著提高（P<0.05），抑制肌纤维生长发育的相关基因MSTN和FOXO1的表达量显著降低（P<0.05）；促进白肌纤维转化的相关基因PGC1A的表达量显著提高（P<0.05），抑制白肌纤维转化的相关基因MEF2A、MYOZ1、MRF4和NFATC1的表达量显著降低（P<0.05）；促进肌纤维增殖的miR-1和miR-133表达量显著提高了（P<0.01），抑制白肌纤维生长的miR-499表达量显著降低（P<0.01）。结果提示，杂交改善猪的胴体性状是通过改变其分子调控水平来实现的，但对肉品质有不利影响。

Abstract:

To understand the molecular regulation differences of muscle growth and development in purebred and crossbred pigs, and analyze its effect on carcass and meat quality in pig. Duroc, Landrace, Large White pigs and Duroc×(Landrace×Large White) crossbred pigs with the average body weight of 50 kg were used. Each group was repeated by 6 individuals, and longissimus dorsi muscle was collected and analyzed at both phenotypic and molecular levels. The results showed that, compared with the purebred pigs, crossbred pigs had significant higher myofibre cross-sectional area, white myofibre ratio, lactate dehydrogenase A gene expression level and mtDNA copy number (P<0.01); On the whole, the expression level of IGF1, PDK1 and GLUT4 genes promoting myofibre growth and development in crossbred pigs were significantly increased (P<0.05), the expression level of MSTN and FOXO1 genes inhibiting myofibre growth and development in crossbred pigs were significantly decreased (P<0.05); the expression level of PGC1A gene promoting white myofibre conversion in crossbred pigs was significantly increased (P<0.05), the expression level of MEF2A, MYOZ1, MRF4 and NFATC1 genes inhibiting white myofibre conversion in crossbred pigs were significantly decreased (P<0.05); the expression level of miR-1 and miR-133 related to myofibre proliferation in crossbred pigs were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the expression level of miR-499 inhibiting white myofibre growth in crossbred pigs was significantly decreased (P<0.01). These results suggest that improving carcass traits in pigs through corssbreeding is achieved by changing its molecular regulation level, which had adverse effects on meat quality.

中图分类号:

S828
S813.2

章杰，罗宗刚. 纯种与杂种猪肌肉生长相关分子表达的差异分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(12): 2370-2378.

ZHANG Jie, LUO Zong-gang. The Molecular Expression Differences of Muscle Growth in Purebred and Crossbred Pigs[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2016, 47(12): 2370-2378.

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